Verbs: Indicative Passive
Verbs: Indicative Passive
Verbs: Indicative Passive
What is the Passive Voice?
The Perfect Tense Passive
This is a TWO WORD construction in Latin.
First Word:
Use the 4th Principal Part. The 4th Principal Part, as listed on your sheets, is a shortened form. Only the neuter is listed on the principal part sheet, but you should know that a masculine and feminine form of the word does exist.
Example: laudatum really stands for 3 different words
(laudatus, laudata, laudatum)
(masculine, feminine, neuter)
Second Word:
sum sumus
es estis
est sunt
Masculine Latin Example: Translation of laudatī sunt:
laudatus sum laudatī sumus they have been praised
laudatus es laudatī estis they were praised
laudatus est laudatī sunt
For more information on the Perfect Tense Passive check out the PDF of the class handout above.
The Pluperfect Tense Passive
This is just like the Perfect Passive tense only the 2nd word is different.
First Word:
Use the 4th Principal Part. The 4th Principal Part, as listed on your sheets, is a shortened form. Only the neuter is listed on the principal part sheet, but you should know that a masculine and feminine form of the word does exist.
Example: laudatum really stands for 3 different words
(laudatus, laudata, laudatum)
(masculine, feminine, neuter)
Second Word:
eram erāmus
erās erātis
erat erant
Masculine Latin Example: Translation of laudatī erant:
laudatus eram laudatī erāmus they had been praised
laudatus erās laudatī erātis
laudatus erat laudatī erant
The Present Tense Passive
This tense is very easy to form as long as you know how to
form the Present Active Tense (Click here to review the
Present Active Tense). For the "-ō" form simply add the
Passive Ending.
The simple rule to remember is "Active Ending Off & then
Passive Ending On". This rule works for all forms except the
"-ō" form.
Active Endings: Passive Endings:
-ō -mus -r -mur
-s -tis -ris -minī
-t -nt -tur -ntur
Click on PDF file above for a song Magistra Martin created to help remember the passive endings.
Latin Example: Translations of laudantur:
laudōr laudāmur they are praised
laudāris laudāminī they are being praised
laudatur laudantur
As usual, the 3rd conjugation is a rule breaker! There is a linguistic rule that says "You can NEVER have a shore "i" before the ending "-ris". The "-i" will change to "-e" when this would occur."
Latin Example: Translations of laudantur:
ducōr ducimur they are led
duceris duciminī they are being led
ducitur ducuntur
The Imperfect Tense Passive
This tense is very easy to form as long as you know how to
form the Imperfect Active Tense (Click here to review the
Imperfect Active Tense).
The simple rule to remember is "Active Ending Off & then
Passive Ending On".
Active Endings: Passive Endings:
-ō -mus -r -mur
-s -tis -ris -minī
-t -nt -tur -ntur
Click on PDF file above for a song Magistra Martin created to help remember the passive endings.
Latin Example: Translations of laudabantur:
laudabar laudābamur they were being praised
laudābāris laudābaminī they used to be praised
laudabatur laudabantur
The Future Tense Passive
The Future Perfect Tense Passive
The Perfect Tense Passive
Passive Voice in English
Magistra's How to form the Perfect Tense
Perfect Passive Class Handout
The Passive
Endings Song
The Passive
Endings Song
